数据库技术在园林植保中的应用现状及趋势

文章阐述了数据库技术在植保领域中的应用和当前的开发现状。介绍了上海市绿化植物有害生物信息查询系统（VPPDIS）的开发情况及其主要功能，并对数据库技术在园林植保中的应用前景进行了探讨。     

杉木种子园球果病虫害监测研究

经调查统计,杉木种子园健康果、发育不良果、病害果、虫害果、病虫兼有果比例分别为55.1%、3.4%、8.4%、9.0%、24.1%,各无性系之间球果产量、不健康果比例,百果重、千粒重、出粒率、发芽率都达到极显著差异水平。球果病虫危害率与球果产量、球果出籽率、种子发芽率之间存在极显著负相关,病虫危害是种子园种子产量下降的主要原因之一。用1%波尔多液或500倍敌克松溶液喷洒种子园接株,效果十分理想,病虫危害可以控制在10.0%以内。     

外来有害生物红火蚁风险分析及防控对策

参照国内外有害生物风险分析方法，通过对外来有害生物红火蚁在我国的分布状况、潜在危害性、危害对象经济重要性、定殖和扩散的可能性和危险性管理难度的定性和定量分析，得出风险评估值R=1．861，表明该虫在我国属于中度危险的有害生物。必须通过检疫、监测等措施加强对红火蚁的监管，防止其扩散、危害。     

杀虫灯已成为森林害虫综合治理的重要工具

近年来,以佳多频振式杀虫灯为代表的灯光诱杀器械,其技术性能得到较大改进和提高.在监测功能的基础上,作为诱杀工具,得到广泛认可,防治森林害虫范围不断扩展,防治面积越来越大,展现出广阔的应用前景.     

青海云杉种实害虫危害情况及综合治理调查分析

青海云杉的种实害虫有十几种，危害严重的有三种，即云杉球果小卷蛾、云杉蛀果斑螟和云杉梢斑螟，主要发生在甘肃祁连山林区。本文经过调查，根据青海云杉和种实害虫的生物学特性，提出加强青海云杉林的经营管理，尽量减少广谱性化学药剂的大面积使用；尽可能多的应用营林技术为主的、不杀伤天敌的防治措施，以达到青海云杉种实害虫综合治理的良性循环；并提出青海云杉种实害虫综合治理的策略、原则以及评价青海云杉种实害虫综合治理的步骤和方法。     

运用航空描图技术对森林病虫害进行监测

本文介绍了航空描图技术在监测森林病虫害上的应用，具体阐明了飞行作业计划、飞行前准备、空中描图技术以及ＧＩＳ数据处理     

森林健康概念的探讨

对森林健康理论的提出、定义森林健康的目的和判断森林健康的标准三方面内容进行了深入探讨,阐述了森林健康的本质,为今后的研究方向提出了建议。     

有害生物综合管理理论的发展及其展望

有害生物综合管理(IPM)自20世纪70年代被人们广泛接受以后得到了迅速的发展，文章对IPM的发展历史进行了简要的回顾，并对其近年来的进展进行了简述。     

Designing pest-suppressive multistrata perennial crop systems: shade-grown coffee in Central America

During most of its cultivation in Central America, coffee (Coffea arabica L.) suffered few serious pest problems. However, over the past three decades, three factors contributed to significantly increase pest levels and losses: the recent introduction of new pests; more favorable conditions for existing pests, diseases, and weeds due to lower shade levels; and secondary pest problems caused by pesticide use. The strategy of maximizing coffee production with pest control dominated by synthetic pesticides has not only increased yields substantially, but also production costs, pesticide resistance, and both human health and environmental risks. An analysis of the response of the food web in coffee plantations to varying levels of light and humidity associated with different shade levels provides the basis for identifying the optimum shade conditions which minimize the entire pest complex and maximize the effects of beneficial microflora and fauna acting against it. These optimum shade conditions for pest suppression differ with climate, altitude, and soils. The selection of tree species and associations, density and spatial arrangement, as well as shade management regimes are critical decisions for shade strata design. Site-specific knowledge of the seasonal food web dynamics permits growers to determine the appropriate seasonal shade management in order to further suppress pest levels. For example in a low-elevation dry coffee zone, 35 to 65% shade promotes leaf retention in the dry season and reduces Cercospora coffeicola, weeds, and Planococcus citri; at the same time, it increases the effectiveness of microbial and parasitic organisms without contributing to increased Hemileia vastatrix levels or reducing yields. In these conditions, shade should be at a maximum early in the dry season and at a minimum by the middle of the rainy season. Further research is needed on: the effects of individual tree species on the food web; the role of canopy architecture for coffee vigor, photosynthesis, leaf drying, pest susceptibility, and pruning regimes; and on simple observation methods and decision criteria for farmer management of tree-coffee-food web interactions. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

影响马尾松种子园产量的种实害虫及综合防治

福建省漳平五一林场马尾松种子园球果常见的害虫有16种,隶属4目12科。其中微红梢斑螟、松实小卷蛾、油松球果小卷蛾和芽梢斑螟是影响良种产量的主要害虫。主要危害嫩梢、花芽、雌雄花、球果、种子等,使球果产量降低。采用营林措施和辅以“佳多频”振式杀虫灯进行防治,可有效地降低虫口密度,达到防治效果。